initial coin offering (ICO) 首次代幣發行

initial coin offering (ICO)
繁：首次代幣發行
简：首次代币发行

近期通過虛擬貨幣進行融資活動湧現，「首次代幣發行」（ICO）盛行。中國人民銀行、中央網信辦、工業和信息化部、工商總局、銀監會、證監會、保監會，合共7個部委昨聯合發布公告，稱任何組織和個人不得非法從事ICO融資活動，各類ICO融資活動應當立即停止，已完成代幣融資的組織和個人，應盡快退款。

中國禁虛擬貨幣ICO融資 比特幣即挫（2017年9月5日）。明報，取自 https://news.mingpao.com/pns/dailynews/web_tc/article/20170905/s00004/1504548390371

An initial coin offering (ICO) is a form of crowd-sourced fundraising that uses cryptocurrencies. Also known as digital currencies, or virtual currencies, cryptocurrencies work as a medium of exchange using encryption to secure transactions and for creating (known as mining) additional units.

What is an ICO, and why is China’s central bank banning it? (2017, September 4). South China Morning Post. Retrieved from http://www.scmp.com/business/banking-finance/article/2109735/what-ico-and-why-chinas-central-bank-banning-it